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Ελληνικά History of the city
Where to begin the history of Neuilly-sur-Marne?
While it's difficult to know exactly when the area around our commune began to be occupied by man, there are traces that allow us to go back a very long way. Bifaces dating back to the Acheulean period found on the Ville-Evrard site point to a possible presence somewhere in the area. between 700,000 and 200,000 BC.Homo heidelbergensis, the probable ancestor of Neanderthal man. Excavations, notably in the Parc de la Haute-Île, have uncovered tools, arrowheads and, above all human bones from the Mesolithic perioddated between 6645 and 6450 BC.
The journey back in time continues with the remains of the orchard of a Gallo-Roman hamlet dating from 1er centurystill at Haute-Île. On the banks of the Marne, a ford bears witness to the settlement of a Gallic population. Finally, the discovery of Merovingian sarcophagi proves a human presence at 7th century. All these traces make up the beginnings of Neuilly's history, the most commonly accepted starting point of which is the year 998.
The emergence of Nobiliacum
In the book Neuilly-sur-Marne, 1000 years oldthe François-Xavier Donzelot Association reproduces a Latin text mentioning Neuilly for the first timeunder the name Nobiliacum. This document, nicknamed "Burchard's Charter", mentions the change of ownership of a "villa", a name given at the time to a large estate exploiting the land for the benefit of a lord. It is therefore certain that the villa of Nobiliacum existed before 998, even if the date of its foundation is unknown.
According to the association's research, the name "Nobiliacum", sometimes spelt "Noviliacum", is derived from the Latin term "Novale", which refers to newly cleared land that has just been cultivated. The term could be the origin of all the Neuilly villages, as well as other similar names, such as that of the village of Novalaise in Savoie. What they all have in common is their proximity to a river and a forest. Neuilly-sur-Marne is no exception: The Bondy forest once stretched as far as the Marne.
Nobiliacum developed over the following two centuries, in particular thanks to the preacher Foulques de Neuillya major figure in the 4th The Crusade was responsible for the construction of the church of Saint-Baudile in 1118. The "newly cleared land have changed: a document dated 12th century indicates that Neuilly is no longer a "villa" but a "vicus".a term used to designate a market town.
Castles, asylums and separation
At 18th In the 19th century, Neuilly-sur-Marne consisted mainly of meadows, arable land and a few woods. Castles were emerging, notably Ville-Evrard, and the village is slowly becoming populated Shortly after the French Revolution, there were fewer than 600 inhabitants. In 1790, the first mayor was elected, Jean-Pierre Hercend, a surgeon and notary. Local history is more likely to remember one of his contemporaries: General François-Xavier Donzelot, famous military officer whose name is engraved on the Arc de Triomphe, who owned the huge Ville-Evrard estate, which he built between 1804 and 1825. After his death, the estate was converted into an insane asylum.
A number of major events marked the Neuilly of the 19th century: the Prussian assault in 1870The first bridge over the Marne, the first school, the opening of a tramway line and the Compagnie des Eaux factory, the creation of a second asylum at Maison-Blanche... But the key date for all Nocéens will remain 13 April 1892, when a third of the territory of Neuilly-sur-Marne became the new municipality of Neuilly-Plaisance.
A city undergoing transformation
The separation of the two communes occurred at a time when the population of Neuilly-sur-Marne has explodedThis led to the creation of new districts, such as L'Épi d'or. Between 1892 and 1927, the population rose from 1,600 to 8,600. After the Occupation, between 15 June 1940 and 27 August 1944, a new census raised the population above 10,000, then to 15,000 in the early 1960s. Between 1962 and 1975, the number of people living in Nocé doubled to 30,000. In the meantime, Neuilly-sur-Marne changed département: until then it had been in Seine-et-Oise, in 1968 it became part of the newly created department of Seine-Saint-Denis.
This demographic boom has not been without consequences, with the development of major property projectsincluding those in the Fauvettes and Croisés districts near the church. The very structure of Neuilly, with its main Paris street and town centre shops, was turned upside down in the second half of the 20th century.th century. RN 34 bypass in 1961destruction of many buildings in the old town centre, construction of the dual carriageway on rue Marx Dormoythe disappearance of the Place d'Armes...
In order to revive the old town centre and connect it to the Marne, a number of initiatives have been undertaken in recent years, including the inauguration of Neuilly Village and the development of the Rives de Paris tourist areaThese include the renaturation of Place Stalingrad, the transformation of the municipal campsite, and the municipality's commitment to making the Marne river swimmable. A greener future, to rediscover the tranquillity of old Neuilly.
The Mayors of Neuilly
Dates of the municipal elections in Neuilly-sur-Marne
- 1870: Installation of the Town Council on 25 August 1870.
- 1874: 22 and 29 November 1874, installation of the Municipal Council on 14 December 1874.
- 1878: 6 January 1878 (by-election?).
- 1881: 9 and 16 January 1881, installation of the Town Council on 23 January 1881.
- 1884: 4 and 11 May 1884, installation of the Municipal Council on 18 May 1884.
- 1888: 6 and 13 May 1888, installation of the Municipal Council on 31 May 1888.
- 1892: Complete renewal of the Municipal Council following the split of the two communes, Neuilly-sur-Marne and Neuilly-Plaisance. Elections held on 1er and 8 May 1892, installation of the Municipal Council on 15 May 1892.
- 1895: 9 June 1895, installation of the Town Council on 16 June 1895.
- 1896: 3 and 10 May 1896, installation of the Town Council on 17 May 1896.
- 1897: Election of 4 members of the Town Council on 20 June 1897, installation of the Town Council on 1 June 1897.er July 1897.
- 1904 : 1er May 1904, installation of the Municipal Council on 15 May 1904.
- 1908: 3 and 10 May 1908, installation of the Municipal Council on 17 May 1908. The municipal majority was made up of the "Liste d'Union Républicaine des gauches et d'intérêt local".
- 1912: 5 and 12 May 1912, installation of the Municipal Council on 19 May 1912.
- 1919: 30 November 1919, installation of the Municipal Council on 10 December 1919. The municipal majority was made up of the Republican Union of the Left and Local Interest List.
- 1925: 3 and 10 May 1925, installation of the Municipal Council on 17 May 1925. The municipal majority was made up of the Union Républicaine des gauches and local interest list.
- 1929: The second round was held on 12 May 1929. The municipal majority was made up of the Liste d'Union Républicaine des gauches et d'intérêt local.
- 1935: 5 and 12 May 1935, installation of the Municipal Council on 17 May 1935. The municipal majority was mainly made up of members of the French Communist Party.
- 4 September 1944: dissolution of the special delegation. A municipal council was appointed by the local Liberation Committee. Two women were appointed to the council for the first time. Women were granted the right to vote after the Second World War.
- 1945: Installation on 2 March 1945 of the Municipal Council elected before 1 March 1945.er September 1939 and reinstated by prefectoral decree on 26 January 1945.
- 1945: 29 April and 13 May 1945. The municipal majority was made up of the anti-fascist Republican Union list led by the French Communist Party.
- 1947: 19 and 26 October 1947. The municipal majority was made up of the List of Republican and Resistance Union and Defence of Communal Interests presented by the French Communist Party.
- 1953: 26 April 1953, installation of the Municipal Council on 7 May 1953. The municipal majority was made up of the List d'union ouvrière et démocratique pour la défense des libertés, des revendications, de l'école laïque et de la paix dans l'indépendance nationale presented by the French Communist Party.
- 1959: 8 March 1959, installation of the Municipal Council on 15 March 1959. The municipal majority was made up of the "Liste ouvrière et démocratique pour la défense de la République, de la paix, de l'école laïque et des intérêts communaux" presented by the French Communist Party.
- 1965: 14 and 21 March 1965, installation of the Municipal Council on 27 March 1965. The municipal majority was made up of the Democratic and Social Action List.
- 1971: 14 March 1971, installation of the Municipal Council on 19 March 1971
- 1974: new election of Mayor on 28 March 1974 following the resignation of Mr Chassagne.
- 1977: 13 and 20 March 1977, installation of the Municipal Council on 25 March 1977. The municipal majority was made up of the Left and Democrats Union List.
- 1983: 6 March 1983, installation of the Municipal Council on 17 March 1983. The municipal majority is made up of the Left and Democrats Union List.
- 1989: 12 March 1989, installation of the Municipal Council on 17 March 1989. The municipal majority is made up of the Neuilly-sur-Marne unie list.
- 1995: 11 June 1995, installation of the Municipal Council on 16 June 1995. The municipal majority is made up of the List Pour Neuilly-sur-Marne poursuivons ensemble.
- 2001: 11 March 2001, installation of the Municipal Council on 16 March 2001. The municipal majority is made up of the List Pour Neuilly-sur-Marne, ensemble côté cœur.
- 2008: 9 March 2008, installation of the Municipal Council on 14 March 2008. The municipal majority is made up of the List Parler vrai, agir en solidarité.
- 2014: 23 March 2014, installation of the Municipal Council on 28 March 2014. The municipal majority is made up of the List Pour améliorer, encore, la vie des nocéens.
- 2020: 15 March and 28 June 2020, installation of the Municipal Council on 5 July 2020. The municipal majority is made up of the Liste Nocéens unis pour le changement.
- 2022: 13 February 2022, installation of the Municipal Council on 19 February 2022. The municipal majority is made up of the List Ensemble, continuons le changement.
The mayors of the 18th century
- 1790-1972 : Jean-Pierre HercendBorn on 17 February or August 1742 in Vienne in the Dauphiné, married on 16 November 1767 to Marie Thérèse Naudet in Neuilly-sur-Marne, died after 1817 (whereabouts unknown to date, Paris?). At the age of 25, he settled in Neuilly in 1767 as a surgeon. He was appointed fiscal procurator by the seigneur before becoming a notary in 1783. Syndic in 1789, then Mayor, he was also a member of the department's electoral assembly. A signatory to the cahiers de doléances, he signed documents as Mayor on 29 September 1790, 13 February 1791 and from 20 November 1792.
- 1792 : Etienne Marlanborn on 15 July 1741 and died on 9 March 1810 in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1792-1795 : Jean-Pierre Hercend
- 1795-1796 : Louis Marthe Boileauwho appeared as the commune's public officer to draw up civil status records from 6 November 1792.
- 1796-1800 : Albert Joseph Leroy-Dunatois
Mayors of the 19th century
- 1808-1826 : Louis Samson
- 1827 : Pierre Joseph Debionne (no certainty)
- 1827 : François Théodore Marie Peneauborn in 1787 in Vertou (Loire Inférieure), died on 12 March 1866 in Neuilly-sur-Marne, surgeon.
- 1834 : Welcome Samson
- 1843 : François Théodore Marie Peneauborn in 1787 in Vertou (Loire Inférieure), died on 12 March 1866 in Neuilly-sur-Marne, surgeon.
- 1846 : Jean Baptiste Isidore Collet
- 1847-1863 : Louis Ferdinand Marlanborn on 1er fructidor an XIII (19 August 1805), annuitant, domiciled in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1863-1873 : César Huvelleowner, born on 3 January 1803, resident in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1873-1876 : Jules Louis Guérinfarmer born on 23 May 1814, resident in Neuilly-sur-Marne, appointed on 15 September 1873 following the resignation of César Huvelle.
- 1878 : Henri Vermeilborn 13 May 1847, doctor, lives in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1881 : Nicolas Adolphe Jolliotborn 17 September 1839, architect, lives in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1884 : Jean Marie Ernest Fouquetborn on 10 December 1839, employed by the Ministry of Agriculture, resident in the hamlet of Plaisance.
- 1888 : Jean Marie Ernest Fouquetborn on 10 December 1839, owner, resident in the hamlet of Plaisance.
- 28 February 1892: Jean Igoutborn 23 February 1837, income earner, resident in the hamlet of Plaisance.
- 15 May 1892-1896 : Henri Louis Leclaireborn 3 September 1846, industrialist, lives in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1896 : Hippolyte Rousseletwheelwright, born 19 March 1847 in Neuilly-sur-Marne.
- 1897 : Alphonse Florentin Dupuisborn on 6 October or November 1821, annuitant.
Mayors of the 20th century
- 1904-1935 : Louis Eugène Clovis Amiardborn 4 April 1872 in Paris, lawyer, died 8 June 1935 in Paris.
- 1935 : Théophile Gaubertborn 20 April 1875 in Figeac (Lot), retired union member, died 16 June 1964 in La Ciotat.
- 4 October 1939: Following the dissolution of the Communist Party, a decree instituted a special delegation to administer the commune, chaired by M. Hilaire, known as the "Delegation". Henri Robitaillienotary, born 21 October 1876 in Rubrouck (Nord), died 12 March 1963 in Casablanca.
- 21 September 1940: appointment ofIsidore Cadarioengineer, born April 4, 1887 in Montbrison (Loire), died in Drancy on September 15, 1962, chairman of the special delegation in place of M. Robitaillie, who resigned.
- 15 April 1941: Isidore Cadario was appointed Mayor of the commune by the Prefect of Seine-et-Oise.
- 25 July 1941 : Louis PorteLouis Porte, a market gardener born in Issy-les-Moulineaux on 18 February 1884, was appointed Mayor of the commune by the Prefect of Seine-et-Oise. Arrested by the Germans in July 1944 in reprisal for demonstrations, Louis Porte was deported to Buchenwald on 12 November 1944.
- 4 September 1944 : Théophile Gaubert is the Mayor appointed by the local Liberation Committee.
- 1945-1953 : Théophile Gaubertborn 20 April 1875 in Figeac (Lot), died 16 June 1964 in La Ciotat.
- 1953-1965 : Raymond Bilborborn 7 March 1898 in Châlons-sur-Marne (Marne), died 9 December 1970 in Neuilly-sur-Marne. Théophile Gaubert was elected honorary mayor at the start of the 1953-1959 term.
- 1965-1974 : Raymond Chassagneborn 5 August 1911 in Le Vésinet (Yvelines, formerly Seine-et-Oise), died 11 July 1981 in Nice, notary public.
- 1974-1977 : André Kremserborn 16 September 1910 in Reims (Marne), engineer.
- 1977-2020 : Jacques Mahéasborn on 10 July 1939, died on 20 August 2022 in Nice, principal of a secondary school.
Mayors of the 21st century
- 2020-2022 : Zartoshte Bakhtiariborn 21 March 1990, lawyer.
- 2022 : Zartoshte Bakhtiariborn 21 March 1990, lawyer.